The optimization process and recommendations:

1. Avoid Selecting Unnecessary Columns (query line: 2): Avoid selecting all columns with the '*' wildcard, unless you intend to use them all. Selecting redundant columns may result in unnecessary performance degradation.
2. Avoid using too many joins (modified query below): Using too many joins can complicate the query's readability and the ability of the database optimizer to optimize the query.
3. Create Optimal Indexes (modified query below): The recommended indexes are an integral part of this optimization effort and should be created before testing the execution duration of the optimized query.

Optimal indexes for this query:

ALTER TABLE `be1a` ADD INDEX `be1a_idx_waktu_be1a` (`waktu_be1a`);
ALTER TABLE `be1b` ADD INDEX `be1b_idx_waktu_be1b` (`waktu_be1b`);
ALTER TABLE `be2a` ADD INDEX `be2a_idx_waktu_be2a` (`waktu_be2a`);
ALTER TABLE `be3b` ADD INDEX `be3b_idx_waktu_be3b` (`waktu_be3b`);
ALTER TABLE `be4a` ADD INDEX `be4a_idx_waktu_be4a` (`waktu_be4a`);
ALTER TABLE `co21a` ADD INDEX `co21a_idx_waktu_co21a` (`waktu_co21a`);
ALTER TABLE `co23a` ADD INDEX `co23a_idx_waktu_co23a` (`waktu_co23a`);
ALTER TABLE `fe2a` ADD INDEX `fe2a_idx_waktu_fe2a` (`waktu_fe2a`);
ALTER TABLE `fe2b` ADD INDEX `fe2b_idx_waktu_fe2b` (`waktu_fe2b`);
ALTER TABLE `fe3a` ADD INDEX `fe3a_idx_waktu_fe3a` (`waktu_fe3a`);
ALTER TABLE `fe3b` ADD INDEX `fe3b_idx_waktu_fe3b` (`waktu_fe3b`);
ALTER TABLE `fe4a` ADD INDEX `fe4a_idx_waktu_fe4a` (`waktu_fe4a`);
ALTER TABLE `fe4b` ADD INDEX `fe4b_idx_waktu_fe4b` (`waktu_fe4b`);
ALTER TABLE `felap3b` ADD INDEX `felap3b_idx_waktu_felap3b` (`waktu_felap3b`);
ALTER TABLE `k403lap1b` ADD INDEX `k403lap1b_idx_waktu_k403lap1b` (`waktu_k403lap1b`);
ALTER TABLE `k405l3b` ADD INDEX `k405l3b_idx_waktu_k405l3b` (`waktu_k405l3b`);
ALTER TABLE `kgb` ADD INDEX `kgb_idx_waktu_kgb` (`waktu_kgb`);
ALTER TABLE `lab_c301` ADD INDEX `lab_c301_idx_waktu_c301` (`waktu_c301`);
ALTER TABLE `lab_co2produk` ADD INDEX `lab_co2produk_idx_waktu_co2produk` (`waktu_co2produk`);
ALTER TABLE `lab_h101` ADD INDEX `lab_h101_idx_waktu_h101` (`waktu_h101`);
ALTER TABLE `lab_r201` ADD INDEX `lab_r201_idx_waktu_r201` (`waktu_r201`);
ALTER TABLE `lab_r501_in` ADD INDEX `lab_in_idx_waktu_in` (`waktu_r501_in`);
ALTER TABLE `prod_8jam` ADD INDEX `prod_8jam_idx_waktu_8jam` (`waktu_prod_8jam`);
ALTER TABLE `prod_har` ADD INDEX `prod_har_idx_waktu_har` (`waktu_prod_har`);
ALTER TABLE `rate` ADD INDEX `rate_idx_waktu_rate` (`waktu_rate`);
ALTER TABLE `sg1b` ADD INDEX `sg1b_idx_waktu_sg1b` (`waktu_sg1b`);

The optimized query:

SELECT
        fe2a.*,
        fe2b.*,
        fe3a.*,
        fe3b.*,
        fe4a.*,
        fe4b.*,
        felap3b.*,
        rate.*,
        co21a.*,
        co23a.*,
        be1a.*,
        be1b.*,
        be2a.*,
        be3b.*,
        be4a.*,
        lab_h101.*,
        lab_r201.*,
        lab_c301.*,
        lab_co2produk.*,
        lab_r501_in.*,
        sg1b.*,
        k403lap1b.*,
        k405l3b.*,
        kgb.*,
        prod_har.*,
        prod_8jam.* 
    FROM
        fe2a,
        fe2b,
        fe3a,
        fe3b,
        fe4a,
        fe4b,
        felap3b,
        rate,
        co21a,
        co23a,
        be1a,
        be1b,
        be2a,
        be3b,
        be4a,
        lab_h101,
        lab_r201,
        lab_c301,
        lab_co2produk,
        lab_r501_in,
        sg1b,
        k403lap1b,
        k405l3b,
        kgb,
        prod_har,
        prod_8jam 
    WHERE
        (
            fe2a.waktu_fe2a >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND fe2a.waktu_fe2a < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            fe2b.waktu_fe2b >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND fe2b.waktu_fe2b < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            fe3a.waktu_fe3a >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND fe3a.waktu_fe3a < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            fe3b.waktu_fe3b >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND fe3b.waktu_fe3b < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            fe4a.waktu_fe4a >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND fe4a.waktu_fe4a < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            fe4b.waktu_fe4b >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND fe4b.waktu_fe4b < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            felap3b.waktu_felap3b >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND felap3b.waktu_felap3b < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            rate.waktu_rate >= '2013-11-10 00:00:00' 
            AND rate.waktu_rate < '2013-11-10 23:59:59'
        ) 
        AND (
            co21a.waktu_co21a >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND co21a.waktu_co21a < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            co23a.waktu_co23a >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND co23a.waktu_co23a < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            be1a.waktu_be1a >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND be1a.waktu_be1a < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            be1b.waktu_be1b >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND be1b.waktu_be1b < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            be2a.waktu_be2a >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND be2a.waktu_be2a < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            be3b.waktu_be3b >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND be3b.waktu_be3b < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            be4a.waktu_be4a >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND be4a.waktu_be4a < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            lab_h101.waktu_h101 >= '2013-11-10 00:00:00' 
            AND lab_h101.waktu_h101 < '2013-11-10 23:59:59'
        ) 
        AND (
            lab_r201.waktu_r201 >= '2013-11-10 00:00:00' 
            AND lab_r201.waktu_r201 < '2013-11-10 23:59:59'
        ) 
        AND (
            lab_c301.waktu_c301 >= '2013-11-10 00:00:00' 
            AND lab_c301.waktu_c301 < '2013-11-10 23:59:59'
        ) 
        AND (
            lab_co2produk.waktu_co2produk >= '2013-11-10 00:00:00' 
            AND lab_co2produk.waktu_co2produk < '2013-11-10 23:59:59'
        ) 
        AND (
            lab_r501_in.waktu_r501_in >= '2013-11-10 00:00:00' 
            AND lab_r501_in.waktu_r501_in < '2013-11-10 23:59:59'
        ) 
        AND (
            sg1b.waktu_sg1b >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND sg1b.waktu_sg1b < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            k403lap1b.waktu_k403lap1b >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND k403lap1b.waktu_k403lap1b < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            k405l3b.waktu_k405l3b >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND k405l3b.waktu_k405l3b < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) 
        AND (
            kgb.waktu_kgb >= '2013-11-10 00:00:00' 
            AND kgb.waktu_kgb < '2013-11-10 23:59:59'
        ) 
        AND (
            prod_har.waktu_prod_har >= '2013-11-10 00:00:00' 
            AND prod_har.waktu_prod_har < '2013-11-10 23:59:59'
        ) 
        AND (
            prod_8jam.waktu_prod_8jam >= '2013-11-10 05:00:00' 
            AND prod_8jam.waktu_prod_8jam < '2013-11-10 07:00:00'
        ) LIMIT 1