[Solved] How do I improve performance for same table join? Somehow 1 index is not used

How to optimize this SQL query?

In case you have your own slow SQL query, you can optimize it automatically here.

For the query above, the following recommendations will be helpful as part of the SQL tuning process.
You'll find 3 sections below:

  1. Description of the steps you can take to speed up the query.
  2. The optimal indexes for this query, which you can copy and create in your database.
  3. An automatically re-written query you can copy and execute in your database.
The optimization process and recommendations:
  1. Create Optimal Indexes (modified query below): The recommended indexes are an integral part of this optimization effort and should be created before testing the execution duration of the optimized query.
Optimal indexes for this query:
ALTER TABLE `a_payment` ADD INDEX `a_payment_idx_user_id_end_year_start_year` (`user_id`,`end_year`,`start_year`);
The optimized query:
SELECT
        t1.end_year AS year,
        0 AS total,
        count(t1.user_id) AS renew 
    FROM
        a_payment t1,
        a_payment t2 
    WHERE
        t1.user_id = t2.user_id 
        AND t1.end_year = t2.start_year 
    GROUP BY
        t1.end_year 
    ORDER BY
        t1.end_year

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* original question posted on StackOverflow here.