The optimization process and recommendations:

1. Avoid LIKE Searches With Leading Wildcard (query line: 51): The database will not use an index when using like searches with a leading wildcard (e.g. '%INFORMATION_SCHEMA%'). Although it's not always a satisfactory solution, please consider using prefix-match LIKE patterns (e.g. 'TERM%').
2. Avoid OR Conditions By Using UNION (modified query below): In mosts cases, filtering using the OR operator cannot be applied using indexes. A more optimized alternative will be to split the query to two parts combined with a UNION clause, while each query holds one part of the original OR condition.
3. Avoid Subqueries (query line: 28): We advise against using subqueries as they are not optimized well by the optimizer. Therefore, it's recommended to join a newly created temporary table that holds the data, which also includes the relevant search index.
4. Avoid Subqueries (query line: 52): We advise against using subqueries as they are not optimized well by the optimizer. Therefore, it's recommended to join a newly created temporary table that holds the data, which also includes the relevant search index.
5. Use UNION ALL instead of UNION (query line: 38): Always use UNION ALL unless you need to eliminate duplicate records. By using UNION ALL, you'll avoid the expensive distinct operation the database applies when using a UNION clause.

The optimized query:

SELECT
        information_schema_processlist_id,
        information_schema_processlist_time,
        information_schema_processlist_user,
        information_schema_processlist_host,
        information_schema_processlist_db,
        information_schema_processlist_command,
        information_schema_processlist_state,
        information_schema_processlist_info 
    FROM
        ((SELECT
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.ID AS information_schema_processlist_id,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.TIME AS information_schema_processlist_time,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.USER AS information_schema_processlist_user,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.HOST AS information_schema_processlist_host,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.DB AS information_schema_processlist_db,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.COMMAND AS information_schema_processlist_command,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.STATE AS information_schema_processlist_state,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.INFO AS information_schema_processlist_info 
        FROM
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST 
        WHERE
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.DB IS NOT NULL 
            AND (
                INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.INFO IS NULL
            ) 
            AND INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.TIME > (
                SELECT
                    information_schema.PROCESSLIST.TIME 
                FROM
                    information_schema.PROCESSLIST 
                WHERE
                    information_schema.PROCESSLIST.id = 1319084
            ) 
        ORDER BY
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.`TIME`) 
        UNION
        DISTINCT (SELECT
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.ID AS information_schema_processlist_id,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.TIME AS information_schema_processlist_time,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.USER AS information_schema_processlist_user,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.HOST AS information_schema_processlist_host,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.DB AS information_schema_processlist_db,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.COMMAND AS information_schema_processlist_command,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.STATE AS information_schema_processlist_state,
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.INFO AS information_schema_processlist_info 
        FROM
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST 
        WHERE
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.DB IS NOT NULL 
            AND (INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.`INFO` NOT LIKE '%INFORMATION_SCHEMA%') 
            AND INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.TIME > (SELECT
                information_schema.PROCESSLIST.TIME 
            FROM
                information_schema.PROCESSLIST 
            WHERE
                information_schema.PROCESSLIST.id = 1319084) 
        ORDER BY
            INFORMATION_SCHEMA.PROCESSLIST.`TIME`)
    ) AS union1 
ORDER BY
    union1.information_schema_processlist_time