The optimization process and recommendations:

1. Avoid Subqueries (query line: 13): We advise against using subqueries as they are not optimized well by the optimizer. Therefore, it's recommended to join a newly created temporary table that holds the data, which also includes the relevant search index.
2. Create Optimal Indexes (modified query below): The recommended indexes are an integral part of this optimization effort and should be created before testing the execution duration of the optimized query.
3. Explicitly ORDER BY After GROUP BY (modified query below): By default, the database sorts all 'GROUP BY col1, col2, ...' queries as if you specified 'ORDER BY col1, col2, ...' in the query as well. If a query includes a GROUP BY clause but you want to avoid the overhead of sorting the result, you can suppress sorting by specifying 'ORDER BY NULL'.

Optimal indexes for this query:

ALTER TABLE `Forum` ADD INDEX `forum_idx_id_universe_id` (`Id_Universe`,`Id`);
ALTER TABLE `Post` ADD INDEX `post_idx_id_thread` (`Id_Thread`);
ALTER TABLE `Thread` ADD INDEX `thread_idx_id_forum` (`Id_Forum`);
ALTER TABLE `Thread_View` ADD INDEX `thread_view_idx_id_user_id_thread` (`Id_User`,`Id_Thread`);

The optimized query:

SELECT
        F.Id,
        CASE 
            WHEN SUM(V.IsRead) = COUNT(V.IsRead) THEN 1 
            ELSE 0 END AS IsRead 
FROM
Forum F 
LEFT JOIN
Thread T 
    ON T.Id_Forum = F.Id 
LEFT JOIN
(
    SELECT
        P.Id_Thread,
        CASE 
            WHEN MAX(P.CreatedAt) < MAX(V.LastView) THEN 1 
            ELSE 0 END AS IsRead 
FROM
Post P 
INNER JOIN
Thread T 
    ON P.Id_Thread = T.Id 
INNER JOIN
Forum F 
    ON T.Id_Forum = F.Id 
LEFT JOIN
Thread_View V 
    ON P.Id_Thread = V.Id_Thread 
    AND V.Id_User = @Id_User 
WHERE
F.Id_Universe = @Id_Universe 
GROUP BY
P.Id_Thread 
ORDER BY
NULL
) V 
ON T.Id = V.Id_Thread 
WHERE
F.Id_Universe = @Id_Universe 
GROUP BY
F.Id 
ORDER BY
F.Id